DP

Prostaglandin Receptor DP (DP1/PTGDR) is a prostaglandin D₂ (PGD₂)-responsive G protein-coupled receptor that primarily signals through G_s proteins, stimulating adenylate cyclase and cyclic AMP production to regulate immune, vascular, and neurological functions^[1][2]. Mechanistically, DP1 participates in allergic responses, immune modulation, vasodilation, and sleep regulation, placing the receptor at the intersection of inflammatory and neurophysiological signaling pathways^[3]. In disease-relevant settings, PGD₂-DP1 signaling has been implicated in allergic airway inflammation and asthma, where receptor activity influences inflammatory responses and airway physiology^[4][5]. Experimental studies further associate DP1 signaling with regulation of vascular permeability, mast cell maturation, food allergy development, intestinal tumor suppression, and neuroprotective responses following neurological injury, supporting its utility in diverse disease models^[6]. Compared with the related PGD₂ receptor DP2 (CRTH2), DP1 belongs to the prostanoid receptor family and may exert biological effects distinct from, and in some contexts counterbalancing, DP2-mediated inflammatory actions^[7]. Recent structural studies revealed a distinct activation mechanism for DP1, including a unique activation switch centered on residue K76 and an unconventional helix 8 orientation, highlighting molecular features that differentiate DP1 from many class A GPCRs^[3]. For experimental applications, selective agonists such as BW245C and selective antagonists or inverse agonists have been widely used to define ligand recognition, receptor activation, and downstream signaling mechanisms in DP1-focused research^[3][7].